This review follows the chapter-by-chapter organization of Fundamentals of Physical Acoustics by D. T. Blackstock. Chapters 13 and 14 are combined into a collective section on diffraction, for which M. F. Hamilton's lecture notes are the primary reference. Some content comes from the Feynman Lectures (Volume I, chapters 47-52) and A. D. Pierce's Acoustics: An Introduction to Its Physical Principles and Applications. Concepts and problems I find challenging are denoted by the "☸" symbol. Note to self: when studying, resist the urge to view the answer before working out the problem yourself!